October 14, 2013

Interesting solutions for Fibonacci series (0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,…) in C++ Language



#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
                int x=0,a=0,b=1,n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Enter how many no to print in fib series\n";
                cin>>n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Fibonacci Series is: \n\n";
                while(n>0)
                {
                                cout<<a<<"\n";
                                x=a+b;
                                a=b;
                                b=x;
                                n--;
                }
                getch();
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
                int a=0,b=1,n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Enter how many no to print in fib series\n";
                cin>>n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Fibonacci Series is: \n\n";
                while(n>0)
                {
                                cout<<a<<"\n";
                                b=a+b;
                                a=b-a;
                                n--;
                }
                getch();
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
                int x=0,a=0,b=1,n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Enter how many no to print in fib series\n";
                cin>>n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Fibonacci Series is: \n\n";
                while(n>0)
                {
                                cout<<x<<"\n";
                                a=b;
                                b=x;
                                x=a+b;
                                n--;
                }
                getch();
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
                int x=0,a=0,b=1,n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Enter how many no to print in fib series\n";
                cin>>n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Fibonacci Series is: \n\n";
                while(n>0)
                {
                                x=a+b;
                                cout<<a<<"\n";
                                a=b;
                                b=x;
                                n--;
                }
                getch();
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
                int x=0,a=0,b=1,n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Enter how many no to print in fib series\n";
                cin>>n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Fibonacci Series is: \n\n";
                while(n>0)
                {
                                cout<<a<<"\n";
                                a=b;
                                b=a+x;
                                x=a;

                                n--;
                }
                getch();
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
                int x=0,a=0,b=1,n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Enter how many no to print in fib series\n";
                cin>>n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Fibonacci Series is: \n\n";
                while(n>0)
                {
                                cout<<x<<"\n";
                                a=b;
                                b=a+x;
                                x=a;

                                n--;
                }
                getch();
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
                int x=1,a=0,b=1,n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Enter how many no to print in fib series\n";
                cin>>n;
                n=n-2;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Fibonacci Series is: \n\n";
                cout<<0<<"\n";
                cout<<1<<"\n";
                while(n>0)
                {
                                a=b;
                                b=a+x;
                                x=a;
                                cout<<a<<"\n";
                                n--;
                }
                getch();
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
                int x=0,a=0,b=1,n;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Enter how many no to print in fib series\n";
                cin>>n;
                n=n-2;
                clrscr();
                cout<<"Fibonacci Series is: \n\n";
                cout<<0<<"\n";
                cout<<1<<"\n";
                while(n>0)
                {
                                x=a+b;
                                cout<<x<<"\n";
                                a=b;
                                b=x;
                                n--;
                }
                getch();
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Output:
Enter how many no to print in fib series
10

Fibonacci Series is:

0
1
1
2
3
5
8
13
21
34

March 20, 2013

Which soap do you use? Toilet soap or bathing bars?


I am writing this article because my student Rachana. The question asked by her brother to her and she asked the same to me - “why toilet soap is written on the soap’s wrapper?”. I have undergone for a little research on this topic and I am putting here my findings.

Short answer:

Toilet soap is the soap used as a toiletry and the toiletry means - an object or cosmetic used in making up, dressing, etc. Due to the word toiletry, we misunderstood the concept of toilet soap. Cambridge dictionary defines the toilet soap as “a sweet-smelling soap that is intended for washing the body”.

Soap is used to clean the body and it is catagorised as toilet soap and bathing bar. The distinction (toilet soap and bathing bar) is made on the basis on amount of fatty material used to manufacture the soap. The thing to note is higher fatty material soap has better cleaning ability. Toilet soap contains more fatty material than bathing bar, so they soften the skin than bathing bar. Most of the soaps present in the market (Lux, Liril, Lifebuoy, Hamam, Rexona, Cinthol) are toilet soaps. (See the list at bottom)

Detailed Explanation:

To understand whole concept, you must to understand the manufacturing process of soap (called as Saponification). Soaps are the compounds formed by the reaction of bases (alkalies or salts) with triglycerides (fatty acid esters) with a byproduct as a glycerin. Fatty acid salt is a chemical name of soap. Bases are mostly sodium or potassium hydroxide. Triglycerides are mostly found in vegetable oil (coconut oil, olive oil, palm oil, etc) or animal fats. Vegetable oil produces soft soap whereas animal fat produces hard soap. The soaps are rated in terms of Total Fatty Matter (TFM) contents. Good TFM soap has a good cleaning and nourishing property. TFM is a measure (in %) for identifying the amount of fatty matter present in soap i.e. more the fatty material present in soap, it is good for skin. In ideal saponification process, the ratio of fats to bases is 5:1. If we consider 5:1 ratio then TFM value of soap is 83.3% (but observed max value of TFM is 80%).

According to Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), there are two types of soap - toilet soap and bathing bar. TFM content in bathing bar should be less than 60% but not less than 40%, while toilet soaps are categorized in three sub-categories depending on their TFM content. The TFM content of Grade I toilet soap should be 76% or above. TFM content of Grade II toilet soap should be less than 76% but not less than 70%. TFM content of Grade III toilet soap should be less than 70% but not less than 60%. It is mandatory for toilet soap to mention TFM value on the wrapper while in case of bathing bar, it is not obligatory to mention TFM value.

Toilet soap v/s Bathing bar

Toilet soap
Bathing bar
High amount of fatty material
Less amount of fatty material
TFM ranging from 60-80%
TFM ranging from 40-60%
Surface active agents are absent
Surface active agents are present
Grade I soap has better cleaning ability and it is gentle to skin than lower grade soap. Grade I soap has no filler (additive like talc) while Grade II and Grade III have large amount of fillers. Sometimes fillers present in Grade II, Grade III and bathing bar may have bad effect on the skin. These soaps consumed faster than Grade I soap when gets contact with water and they are also poorer in lathering.

If TFM is low, this means, other than fatty material something like moisturising cream, vitamin, ayurvedic material or talc is added to soap.

There are some soap sub-categories (not standardized) are present in market like glycerin soap, beauty bar, ayurvedic soap. As glycerin soap (like Pears) is soft to skin so it may be the choice of people who have sensitive skin but they are not good at cleaning the skin. Beauty bar (like Dove) may be choice of people whose skin gets dry when they use soap because soap pours inside the skin. Beauty bar does not dry the skin because they are made up of neutral cleansing material and moisturising cream. One can use ayurvedic soap (like Margo) whose skin is sensitive to chemicals.

Following are the soaps according to their TFM contents and Grade,


Sr. No.
Soap Name
TFM (%)
Grade
1
Anu spa aloe vera
80
1
2
Anu spa Astagandha
80
1
3
Anu spa Chandanam
80
1
4
Anu spa Gulabjal
80
1
5
Anu spa Keasar
80
1
6
Anu spa Kevada
80
1
7
Anu spa Sandal with almond oil
80
1
8
Anu spa Shahi khas
80
1
9
Doy Care Cream soap
80
1
10
Mysore Sandal Classic
80
1
11
Mysore Sandal Gold
80
1
12
Mysore Sandal Millennium
80
1
13
Mysore Sandal Regular
80
1
14
Nivea
78
1
15
Anu spa Anuved Panchamrut
76
1
16
Cinthol Lime
76
1
17
Dyna
76
1
18
Everyuth Superia silk
76
1
19
Fair Glow
76
1
20
GLY-SEB
76
1
21
Godrej No 1 Aloe vera and white lily
76
1
22
Godrej No 1 Coconut and cream
76
1
23
Godrej No 1 Lavender
76
1
24
Godrej No 1 Lime and aloe vera
76
1
25
Godrej No 1 Rosewater and almond
76
1
26
Godrej No 1 Saffron and milk
76
1
27
Godrej No 1 Sandal and turmeric
76
1
28
Himalaya Nourishing cream and honey
76
1
29
Himalaya Protecting neem and turmeric
76
1
30
Moti Gulab
76
1
31
Moti Sandal
76
1
32
Nima Sandal
76
1
33
Park Avenue Double deo
76
1
34
Park Avenue Freshness deo
76
1
35
Park Avenue Luxury fragrant
76
1
36
Santoor Gold
76
1
37
Wild Stone Ultra Sensual
76
1
38
Yardley English lavender
76
1
39
Yardley English rose
76
1
40
Yardley Sandalwood
76
1
41
Vivel Luxury cream with olive butter
74
2
42
Liril 2000
73
2
43
Vivel Aloe vera
73
2
44
Vivel Luxury Sandal cream
73
2
45
Vivel Mixed fruit+ cream
73
2
46
Vivel Refresh+ moisturiser
73
2
47
Anu spa Uptan
72
2
48
Lux Creamy white
72
2
49
Santoor Sandal and almond milk
72
2
50
Vivel Luxury cream with shea butter
72
2
51
Dettol Cool
71
2
52
Dettol Original
71
2
53
Dettol Radiance
71
2
54
Dettol Re-energize
71
2
55
Dettol Skincare
71
2
56
Margo Original neem
71
2
57
Everyuth Fragrant flower
70
2
58
Everyuth Lemon
70
2
59
Everyuth Sandal
70
2
60
Jo Jasmine
70
2
61
Jo Rose
70
2
62
Jo Sandal and turmeric
70
2
63
Lux Fresh splash
70
2
64
Lux Peach and cream
70
2
65
Lux Sandal and cream
70
2
66
Lux Sheer and romance
70
2
67
Lux Strawberry and cream
70
2
68
Rexona
70
2
69
Vivel Green tea
70
2
70
Wipro Shikakai
70
2
71
Hamam
68
3
72
Chandrika Original
65
3
73
Margo Glycerin
64
3
74
Breeze Fresh rose
63
3
75
Breeze Lemon splash
63
3
76
Doy Care Aloe vera
62
3
77
Doy Care Honey and glycerin
62
3
78
Savlon
61
3
79
Lifebuoy Care
60
3
80
Lifebuoy Nature
60
3
81
Lifebuoy Total
60
3
82
Medimix Classic
60
3
83
Safrogel Glycerin
60
3
84
Anu spa Honey and Aloe vera
Bathing Bar
85
Anu spa Honey and rose
Bathing Bar
86
Chandrika Glycerin
Bathing Bar
87
Dove
Bathing Bar
88
Everyuth Natural hydrating fruit
Bathing Bar
89
Fiama Di wills Men
Bathing Bar
90
Fiama Di wills Peach & avocado
Bathing Bar
91
Fiama Di wills Skin sense
Bathing Bar
92
Lifebuoy Clini care
Bathing Bar
93
Margo Active glycerin
Bathing Bar
94
Medimix Moisturising
Bathing Bar
95
Medimix Sandal
Bathing Bar
96
Mild & Care Blackberry & blackcurrant
Bathing Bar
97
Mild & Care Glycerin & vitamin E
Bathing Bar
98
Mild & Care Skin guard
Bathing Bar
99
Pears Oil clear
Bathing Bar
100
Pears Pure and gentle
Bathing Bar
101
Pears Soft and fresh
Bathing Bar
102
Riviera
Bathing Bar

Note: The above given TFM % and Grade value are the figures of the article’s last updated date (23-03-2014). I will not be responsible for any future change of the values. To know the latest values please refer the wrapper of the soap.

Final words – Soap selection is depending on the individual’s requirement. The people don’t have any skin problem, they can opt toilet soap (grade 1 is better choice than lesser one). If you have a sensitive skin then you can prefer to use glycerin, beauty bar or ayurvedic soap.

Popular Posts